there are indeed instances of purely negative concessions-- the second international's doctrine of collaboration between labour and capital [ 3 ] resulted in the betrayal of a whole class and a whole revolution 純消極的讓步是有過(guò)的,那就是第二國(guó)際的勞資合作論,把一個(gè)階級(jí)一個(gè)革命都讓掉了。